INTEGRATING CRITICAL THINKING AND PROBLEM-SOLVING SKILLS IN CURRICULUM REFORMS FOR ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION

Abstract

This paper explored the integration of critical thinking and problem-solving skills into curriculum reforms aimed at fostering economic empowerment and social transformation. Recognizing the pivotal role of education in shaping individuals’ capacities to analyzed complex issues and develop innovative solutions, the research underscores the necessity of embedding these skills across all levels of education. By examining current pedagogical approaches, policy frameworks, and practical implementation strategies, the study highlights the benefits of interdisciplinary and experiential learning approaches in enhancing learners' competencies. The findings suggest that effective curriculum reforms, supported by teacher training and technological integration, can significantly contribute to empowering individuals economically and promoting societal change. The paper concludes with strategic recommendationscurriculum developers should embed critical thinking and problem-solving components across all subject areas, ensuring these skills are explicitly taught and continually reinforced throughout students’ educational journey and schools should adopt interdisciplinary projects, case studies, and real-world problem-based learning approaches that encourage students to apply critical skills in practical contexts relevant to economic and social issues.