International Journal of Management Science Research

ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT AWARENESS AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE OF SERVICE FIRMS IN NIGERIA

Joshua S. Adeyele, PhD — 2019-06-01

Following the increasing number of fold ups as well as mergers and acquisitions in service sector, a number of concerns as regard issues leading to their folding up have been speculated. It is believed by considering risk management in a holistic form through the adoption of enterprise risk management (ERM) to critical areas of business rather than relying on a silo-based risk management perspective, will increase both the organisation's short and long-term value to its stakeholders. Consequently, this study attempts to: investigate the level of ERM awareness in selected service firms by verifying the challenges affecting ERM adoptions; examine effect of enterprise risk management on business decision; investigate whether ERM adoption leads to operational efficiency; and examine the effect of ERM on
organisation performance in selected service firms in Nigeria. A total of 74 firms including banks and insurance companies were considered. Data were collected from both the middle and top levels management of the selected firms in Lagos metropolis. Descriptive
and non-parametric statistics were used to analsyse the data. The findings revealed that service firms have good level of ERM awareness, even though its adoption poses serious challenges to the selected firms. The study also found that there is improvement in business
decisions and operational efficiency of selected service firms following the adoption of ERM. Finally, most service firms are more likely to experience improved internal decisionmaking, and increased business performance due to good implementation of ERM. Based
on these findings, the study concluded that there is strong level of ERM awareness and implementation among the selected firms but many of them still battle with implementation challenges such as difficulty in integrating risk management with other business process as
well as lack of clarity on who is responsible for managing risk. All of these in turn have practically hindered them from operating at full capacity. In light of this, the study recommends that the selected service firms need to device means to integrate risk managements with other business processes and seek the necessary knowledge and skills within the organisations to effectively implement ERM in their firms.

TECHNOLOGY RESOURCE STRATEGY AND COMPETITIVENESS IN TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY

Haruna Isa Mohammad — 2019-06-01

In an increasingly competitive environment, little is acknowledged on how competitiveness in different industries is driven by their technology resource strategy and the plan that guides the growth and exploitation of technological resources. The aim of this study is to
examine the relationship between technology resource strategy and competitiveness in Nigerian telecommunication industry. The methodology used for this was review of related literature on the conceptsof technology resource strategy and competitiveness. It has been established within the literature reviewed that the three dimensions of tangible and intangible technology resource strategy (manpower, machine and method) and competitiveness are significantly related. In this study, proposed model has been developed
to explore the relationship between technology resource and competitiveness. However, the model needs to be elaborated and developed through systematic research. This studyhas help to strengthen the body of knowledge on technology resource and competitiveness in
telecommunication industry. Also, it has a strong impact as a contribution to strengthening the decision making at the corporate level and developing strategies of technological resources to improve competitive advantage of telecommunication industry. It was
recommended that telecommunication industry should establish and improve on exiting technology resource strategy in order to sustain and improve its competitive advantage.

FINANCIAL PLANNING FOR RETIREMENT IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR

IYUWA UKERCHIA SAMUEL — 2019-06-01

The study investigatedthe effect of knownfinancial planning for retirement on life of the retirees in Nigeria, with particular emphasis to the ministries and parastatals of the plateau state government. The researchadoptedinferential statistics to analyse the data collected.
Regression model was used to test the hypotheses formulated. The statistical programme for social sciences (SPSS Version 25) was used to capture data and analysis of responses.The findings of the study indicate that Since p value (0.009 < 0.05), we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that Inadequate planning significantly affect Post retirement. And Since p value (0.001 < 0.05), we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that lack of government involvement in the pre-retirement financial planning significantly affect Post retirement. Finally,Since p value (0.001 < 0.05), we also reject the null hypothesis and conclude that government restrictions on employees' involvement in entrepreneurship have significant effect on retirees. It was recommended that

i. financialPlanning for retirement should financial planning for retirement. commence on the date of engagement into the Nigeria public service .pre-retirement entrepreneur capacity development should be highly encouraged in the public service and government should prioritised area of specialty among employees.
ii.Government should set aside special fund for employees who are nearing retirement, to assist them in actualizing their business ideology with interest free loan backed by special monitoring team of government.
iii.Government should as well organise a training program for employees in the area of sustainable small-scale enterprises who have about 5years before retirement.
iv.Government restriction on employee's participation on business should be relaxed, especially employees who have 5years before retirement.

RISK MANAGEMENT AND DECISION MAKING: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIAN BANKS

Inaya Lucky Salubi (PhD) — 2019-06-01

This study sought to investigate the extent to which risk management affects the loans and advances of Nigerian Banks. This study adopted a descriptive study design. The population of the study comprised of the totality of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria as at
December 31, 2016. However, a sample of six (6) banks selected by means of judgmental sampling technique was used in the study. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, secondary data on liquidity ratio, interest rates, foreign exchange rates and loans and
advances were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin during the period 2000-2016. These parameters were used to measure credit and market risks that have the tendency to influence loans and advances of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria when properly managed. The model specification was based on decision making(proxy by loans and advances of banks) as a function of credit risk (liquidity ratios) and market risks (interest and foreign exchange rates). Regression analysis method was employed in analyzing the data via SPSS, version 20.0. The findings revealed that liquidity risk, interest rate risk and foreign exchange risk significantly affects the loans and advances of Nigerian banks. Thus, the study concluded that risk management significantly and positively influences the decision making of banks in Nigeria. Based on the findings, we recommend among others that Nigerian banks should employ robust liquidity risk management practices that ensure sufficient liquidity including a cushion of unencumbered high quality liquid assets to withstand a range of stress events as well as those involving the loss or impairment of both secured and unsecured funding sources. In addition, for Nigerian banks to improve on their decision making, they should focus more on their credit risk as well as market risks such as interest and foreign exchange rate.

EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMEs) IN ABUJA, NIGERIA

Dangana Abubakar Aliyu — 2019-06-01

The world over, small businesses in-terms of SMEs accounts for about 60% to 80% of employment generation in the economy. This implies that the SMEs sector constitutes the largest employer of labour in many economies of the world and particularly in Africa and Nigeria in specific. Therefore, understanding the factors negating or improving the performance of this very important sector becomes desirable and germane. This study examines the effect of environmental factors on the performance of SMEs in Abuja metropolis.The target population of the paper constitutes two thousand six hundred and ninety (2690) registered SMEs operating within Abuja metropolis. A
sample size of 97 respondents was determined using the Yamane formula at 10% precision level. A random sampling technique as well as stratified sampling were used in selecting the sample size of the study. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data obtained. The findings revealed that level of education of SMEs owners or managers,spending on marketing
and other promotional activities, and the use of technology exact positive impact on the performance of SMEs. The current tax regime and operationalization as well as inflation also exact positive effect on the performance of SMEs.Inadequate power supply significantly negates the performance of SMEs in Abuja metropolis. The study recommends that the owners and or managers of SMEs should strive to acquire necessary and good understanding of the business environment and ensure hiring of competent and quality employees for effective running and managing of their businesses. The paper also recommends that government should continue to provide more tax incentives to SMEs sector in order to trigger more employment within the economy.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION, ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE AND PERFORMANCE OF AIRTEL TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPANY, NIGERIA

Shakpande Comfort — 2019-06-01

Over the years Airtel Telecommunications Company has continued to experienced poor service delivery, change in management and identity which has affected its performance. This study is an attempt to examine the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and performance of Airtel Telecommunication Company in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to; analyze the effect of innovativeness on performance; examine the effect of risk taking on performance; determine the effect of proactiveness on performance;
analyze the mediating effect of organizational climate on innovativeness and performance; ascertain the mediating effect of organizational climate on risk taking and performance and lastly, to determine the mediating effect of organizational climate on proactiveness on performance of Airtel Telecommunications Company in Nigeria. A survey research design was used while questionnaires were used to collect data and analyzed using a hierarchical regression model. Findings revealed that innovativeness has significant effect on performance of Airtel Telecommunication Company in Nigeria; Risk taking has no significant effect on performance of Airtel Telecommunications Company in Nigeria; Proactiveness has significant effect on performance of Airtel Telecommunications Company in Nigeria. The result further indicates that organizational climate fully mediates the relationship between proactiveness and firm performance while mediating partially the relationship between innovation and firm performance. The study thus concluded that
organizational climate mediates between entrepreneurial orientation and performance of Airtel Telecommunications Company in Nigeria. The study recommended that Airtel Telecommunication Company need to imbibe the culture of training and retraining of its
employees so that the company can be up-to-date especially in areas of technological development.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF-DETERMINATION AND FINANCIAL WELL-BEING OF RETIREES IN NORTH CENTRAL-NIGERIA

Soepding Benard Alkali — 2019-06-01

This study examined the relationship between components of self-determination and financial well-being of retirees in North-central Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey approach was employed to test the association between self-determination and financial well-being. A structured questionnaire was administered to a sample of 224 retirees were randomly selected from members of Nigeria Pensioners Association for the purpose of the study.The data were analyzed using regression analysis with the aid of structural equation model specifically using SPSS. The result indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between self-determination and financial well-being of retirees. This underscores the significance of self-determination in enhancing retirees' chances to attain financial well-being in their older age. It was therefore suggested that, programs aimed at boosting the morale of would be retirees to belief in themselves be instituted by all stakeholders (government and other employers of labour) as well as retiree's unions since such will help them to be financially autonomous when their retirement benefits is being delayed. Thus, the study contributes to the extant literature on self- determination and provides evidence on the effect of self- determination on the financial well-being of retirees in a developing country.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS CHARACTERISTICS AND TAX AGGRESSIVENESS

Bosun-Fakunle Yemisi Funmilayo — 2019-06-01

The rate at which corporations are now being expected by the investors to comply with tax rules and regulations is now increasing. This can be traced to awareness on the part of investors of the negative effects of tax aggressiveness on their environmental returns. This paper therefore examined Board Characteristics and tax aggressiveness. Data were sourced from 20 manufacturing companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for 10years (2006-2016),the data were analyzed using regression analysis and correlation model with the aid of SPSS software. It was found that there is no significant relationship between board size and tax aggressiveness. It is recommended that companies should focus on businesses and policies that will maximize Shareholders wealth rather than activities that will reduce tax liability.

APPLICATION OF LEONTIEF INPUT-OUTPUT MODEL IN MANUFACTURING SECTOR IN NIGERIA

Dr. Andrew E. TAFAMEL — 2019-06-01

The study applied the Leontief input-output relationship of nineteen manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The objective of the study is to investigate the extent of the interdependence between companies in the Nigerian manufacturing sector, and to determine the input-output relationship of the manufacturing sector in Nigeria. The study also examined the extent of scale efficiency of the manufacturing sector in Nigeria and the extent of technical efficiency of the manufacturing sector in Nigerian. The study used longitudinal research design by selecting some quoted manufacturing companies in the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period 2011 to 2015. Data Envelopment analysis (DEA) was used for the empirical analysis. The result showed that there is a relationship between inputs and outputs, Chemical and Allied Product (CAP), Cutix, Dangote Cement and Greif were efficient under constant return to scale (CRS) after taking five years average inputs and outputs to sustain its efficiency within the period. While Aluminium Extrusion Industries, Chemical and Allied Product, Cutix, Dangote Cement, Dn Meyer, Greif Nigeria, Ipwa, Nigeria Ropes, Nigerian Enamelware, Paints and Coatings Manufacturers, Portland Paints and Premier Paints were scale efficient and technically efficient among the nineteen manufacturing companies sampled. The study therefore recommends that management and concerned authorities of the manufacturing companies in Nigeria should ensure that the manufacturing sectors are technically efficient. The study also suggests that the government should provide a platform for the inefficient manufacturing companies by formulating policies favourable in terms of tax relief and holiday for productive efficiency of the sector.

DISCREMINANT ANALYSIS OF GIFTED AND AVERAGE STUDENTS' PERFORMANCE IN FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF JOS

Ibraheem Rislan Idris — 2019-06-01

The main objective of this study is to examine thedifferencesin performance between gifted and average students in the Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Jos. A survey research design was adopted for this study. The total population for the study was
1,122.The Participants comprised undergraduate students in the Faculty selected based on theirresults which are reflected implicitly in their CGPAs as provided checked by their level coordinators. Multivariate analysis of variance was conducted, using General Linear Models (GLM) with SPSS 21, to find out whether the (combination of) the five factors differ between gifted and average students, which was the central position of this study. The independent variables were high reasoning ability, creativity, curiosity, large vocabulary and excellent memory, while the dependent variable is gifted. The results of the evaluation of normality, linearity and multicollinearity were satisfactory. The study recommended that gifted students are significantly different from averaged students in terms of the combined and separate variables. Therefore they need to be encouraged more in identification of their giftedness skill to continue to perform better and become reasonable students that will make the Faculty proud. The study also recommends that since the characteristics were significant on the average students they need to belong to an 'elite' group to spend more extra time on studies.

EARNINGS QUALITY AND FINANCIAL BEHAVIOUR IN NIGERIA

Yusuf Olatunji, OYEDEKO — 2019-06-01

The study examined the effect of earnings quality on financial behaviour of deposit money banks (DMBs) in Nigeria. The study used data extracted from the financial statements of listed DMBs in Nigeria for the period 2008 to 2017. The study also employed panel data multiple regression technique. The result found that earnings quality has a positive and significant effect on cash balance of deposit money banks. The study concluded that earnings quality have positive and significant effect on financial behaviour of deposit money banks. In line with the conclusion, the study recommended that the management of deposit money banks should deploy flexible approach in form of window service to enable them respond quickly to profit making opportunities. This will increase their profitability and discourage them from engaging in any form of opportunistic behaviour, manipulative accounting tendencies and tempering with the credibility of the financial statement.

SUCCESSION PLANNING AND ORGANIZATIONAL SURVIVAL

Festus Osayande — 2019-06-01

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of succession planning on organizational survival: Evidence from National Business and Technical Examination Board (NABTEB), Benin City The sample size of two hundred and two (202) was selected from the population of the study through a random sampling technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the needed information from the sampled respondents. Out of the 202 sampled, only 158 usable questionnaires were retrieved. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyses the data. Findings from the study show that there is a strong positive effect of predictor on the response variables. The study recommends among others that management should develop succession plan that corresponds with the organization's management philosophy and practice for better adaptability and dynamic capability that will enhance organizational survival

THE EFFECT OF INVESTMENT CLIMATE ON SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZE ENTERPRISES' ATTITUDE TOWARDS TAX IN PLATEAU STATE NIGERIA

Nyahas S. Iliya — 2019-06-01

The main objective of the study is to test association between investment climate and attitude towards tax by SMEs in Plateau State. The study used cross-sectional survey design. Using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size determination table, the sample size
for the current study is 265 for a population of 875. The data for the study were obtained through administration of questionnaire and was analyzed using multiple regressions. The results indicate that shortage of electric supply, insecurity, perceived corruption, access to
finance and taxpayers' attitude towards tax are significantly and positively associated. However, multiple taxation was found to be insignificant in explaining SMEs negative attitude towards tax. It was recommended that government should put measures in place to
address shortage of electric supply, insecurity, inadequate access to finance and corruption to improve internally generated revenue through tax

CUSTOMERS PERCEPTION OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIAN BANKS

Jane Ande — 2019-06-01

The series of bank failures reminiscent of pre-consolidation scenario were attributed to weak regulations and brought about questions as to why Nigerian banks kept experiencing these corporate governance failures in spite of new corporate governance codes. It would appear that the banking industry is not sufficiently committed to corporate governance ideals considering history of instability in the industry. A critical area of governance is that which relates to Terms and Conditions guiding the customer-banker relationship. The Terms and Conditions are here narrowed down to the three pillars of corporate governance as follows: Effective Communication,
Transparency and Accountability. This study underscored the importance of customers as one of the stakeholders with direct impact, and determined their perception of how banks are committed to governance codes relating to Terms and Conditions. It used primary data obtained from the administration of questionnaire to 5,200 customers of 13 banks in Nigeria. The questionnaire was adapted from the provisions of the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria [CIBN] (2014) Code of Corporate Governance on conducts expected of banks relating to Terms and Conditions, which by extension border on effective communication, transparency and accountability; and analysis of descriptive statistics was done. Customers rated Accountability higher than both Transparency and Effective Communication in the activities of the banks. The least rating was on Transparency. This suggests that there is a higher need to improve on transparency in banks, followed by effective communication. Banks should consider enhancing the current framework for communication and disclosure. An extended disclosure framework will improve customers perception of transparency.

EFFECT OF MONETARY POLICY ON DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS PROFITABILITY IN NIGERIA

Clement Adewole — 2019-06-01

This study investigated the effects of monetary policy on the profitability of deposit money banks in Nigeria for a period of ten (10) years spanning 2008 to 2017. A systematic collation of time series and cross-sectional data pooled into a panel data set was used to empirically determine the effects of monetary policy on the profitability of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted Johansen's multivariate co-integration procedure and the co-integration test was based on error correction model (ECM). The test for stationary or unit roots employed was the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test performed on the variables. Hypotheses were formulated and tested using the panel regression. The study discovered that the monetary policy proxied by Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) and Cash Reserve Ratio
(CRR) had significant effects on profitability of deposit money banks in Nigeria. It was recommended that Central Bank of Nigeria should adjust Monetary Policy Rate and Cash Reserve Ratio in such a way that it will allow for increased liquidity to enable the deposit money banks discharge their lending and investment functions effectively. Monetary policy should be complimentary to fiscal policy and should be used together to have complimentary results.

INSURANCE: THE KEY PLAYER OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES PERFORMANCE

OWOLABI, Adenike Olanrewaju — 2019-06-01

The overall objective of this study is to investigate insurance as the key player of manufacturing companies' performance. To achieve this objective, data was gathered about risk factors within the manufacturing premises; customers risk exposure, risk transfer from manufacturing companies, risk transfer to insurance companies, growth of the manufacturing company, and adequate insurance
cover. A total of 200 respondents were selected for the purpose of the study using stratified sampling method. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Regression Analysis were used to test the hypothesis. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis approaches were used in data analysis, thus reflecting the mixed model research design approach followed in the analysis. It is recommended that to be successful in the long-term, manufacturing companies need to think beyond what is affecting them today to what is going to happen
tomorrow. This is not just about addressing changes, but also taking into account alterations in social, environmental and governance issues which can be handled by insurance.