Evaluation of Triggering Factors of Violence-Induced Intra-Urban Residential Relocation in Jos North Local Government Area, Plateau State
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13294124Keywords:
Evaluation, Triggering factors, Violence-Induced, intra-urban migrationAbstract
Intra-urban residential relocation is a phenomenon that is often triggered by some pushing and pulling
factors. For any specific wave of residential relocation, various triggering factors play varying roles in
the wave. This study examines the factors that triggered intra-urban residential relocations of
households during over two decades of violent conflicts in Jos metropolis. A survey and quantitative
method were used to generate both primary and secondary data. A total of 335 questionnaires were
distributed and only 258 were returned and analysed. The study made use of frequency count,
percentages and analysis of variance to analyze the data obtained in order to answer the research
question. The study revealed that although the factors of insecurity and high rental value constitute the
major triggers for intra urban residential relocation in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau
State during the period of violence; some other factors such as family ties, religion and availability of
amenities are also significant in triggering the relocations. The study recommends non-piecemeal and
proactive measures to ensure inclusive housing development and durable solutions for victims of violent
conflicts.
References
Adhikari, P. (2013). Conflict-induced displacement, understanding the causes of flight. Journal of Political Science, 57(1), 82-89.
Aliyu, A. A., (2012). Impact of Intangible Location Attributes on Residential Property Value in Nigeria. An Unpublished PhD Dissertation, Department of Real Estate, Malaysia.
Best., S. G., (2007). Conflict and Peace Building in Plateau State. Spectrum Books Limited.
Animashaun, I.A. & Eni, D.D. (2012). The Pull Factors of Intra-Urban Residential Mobility in Calabar, Nigeria. International Journal of Development and Management review. Vol.7.
Broulikova., Huber., Montag., & Sunega. (2020). Homeownership, Mobility, and Unemployment: Evidence from Housing Privatisation. Journal of Hosing Economic.
Brown, & Moore, (1970). The Intra-Urban Migration Process: A Perspectives. Geogrfiska Annaler Series, B. Human Geography. Taylor & Francis Ltd.
Brummell, A. C., (1977). Theory of Intraurban Residential Behaviour. Unpublished PhD Thesis submitted to Postgraduate School, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario.
Clark, W.A.V. (2013). Life Events and Residential Change: Unpacking Age Effects on the Probability of Moving. Journal Population Research 30 319-334.
Crawley, H., & Skleparis, D. (2018). Refugees, migrants, neither, both: Categorical fetishism and the politics of bounding in Europe’s ‘migration crises. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 44(1), 48- 64.
Coulter, VanHam& Findlay (2015). Rethinking Residential Mobility: Linking Lives through Time and Space. Progress in Human Geography, UK.
Cui. C., Geertman. S, &Hooimeijer. P. (2014). The intra-urban distribution of skilled migrants: Case studies of Shanghai and Nanjing. Habitat International.
Dietz, Robert D. and Donald R. Haurin. (2003). “The Social and Private Micro-Level
Consequences of Homeownership.” Journal of Urban Economics 54:401–450.
Dung-Gwom J.Y. & Rikko L. S. (2009). Urban Violence and Emerging Housing Markets in Jos, Nigeria. Paper Presented at the International Sociological Assoc. Housing Conference, Glasgow.
Dung-Gwom, J.Y., and Oladosu, R.O., (2004). Characteristics and Physical Planning Implications of Slums in Jos, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol.8 No.2, FES, University of Jos.
Federal Republic of Nigeria (2019). Nigeria Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA). A compilation of Report of Jos North Local Government, Plateau State.
Higazi, A., (2011). The Jos Crisis: A Recurrent Nigerian Tragedy. Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Abuj. Discussion Paper No. 2.
Hangen-Zanker, J. (2008) Why do people migrate? A review of the theoretical literature. Maastricht Graduate School of Governance. MPRA Paper No. 28197
Heenan, B., Johnson, S., and James, H. (1998). Intra-urban Migration: Caversham Working Paper. Dunedin City, New Zealand.
Ikwuyatum, G. O. (2016) Migration and Urbanization: Exploring the Factors of the Nexus in Nigeria. International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, vol. 6, No. 8
IOM, (2011). Glossary on Migration (2nd Ed.): International Migration Law, No.25. Geneva, Switzerland.
Kortum, Paleti, Bhat and Pendyala, (2012) A Joint Model of Residential Relocation Choice and Understanding the Causal Factors.
Krause, J., (2011). A Deadly Cycle: Ethno-Religious Conflicct in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Working paper, Geneva Declaration Secretariat, Geneva Switzerland.
Lee, E. (1966). A Theory of Migration. A Journal of Demography, USA.
Lohor, A. A., Dung-Gwom, J. Y., &Laka, I.S., (2015). Effect of Urban Polarization on the Control of Development in Jos, Nigeria. Journal of Contemporary Urbanology, A peer review Journal, Department of Urban & Regional Planning, Benue State University. Vol.2. No.1
Lohor, A. A., Dung-Gwom, J. Y., Rikko, L. S., and Pam, H. M., (2013). Territoriality, Territorial Claims and Planning Challenges in a fragile Urban Setting, Jos, Nigeria. In Emerging Issues in Urban Planning and Development, ed.
Mallo, M. D and Anigbogu, A.N (2009). Housing Quality between Residential
Neighbourhoods in Jos, Nigeria. Conference Paper.
Patel, P., (2015). An Introduction to One Way Anova.
https:www.researchgate.net/publication/281441058. Accessed 9thOctober, 2021
Papaelias, T. (2013). Theory on the Urban Rural Migration. International Journal of Economics & Business Administration pp. 17-30 Volume I, Issue (4).
Plateau State Government (2001) Plateau State: The Heritage and Hope. Jos, Plateau State.
Plateau Indigenous Development Association Network (PIDAN) (2010). The History, Ownership, Establishment of Jos and Misconceptions About the Recurrent Jos Conflicts. DAN-Sil Press Jos.
Rabe, B. & Taylor, M. (2010). Residential Mobility, Quality of Neighbourhood and life course events. Journal of Royal Statistical Society. Vol. 173
Sun. S, & Manson. S., (2012). Intraurban Migration, Neighbourhoods, and City Structure. Urban Geography, University of Minnesota.
Van Ommeren, Jos and Michiel Van Leuvensteijn. 2005. “New Evidence of the Effect of
Transaction Costs on Residential Mobility.” Journal of Regional Science 45:681–702 Wolpert, J. (1965). "Behavioural Aspects of the Decision to Migrate." Papers of the Regional Science Association 15: 159-169.
World Economic Forum (2017). Migration and its Impacts on Cities. In Collaboration with PwC.
Wapwera, S. D. &Egbu., C.O. (2013a). Planning Authorities: A Review of Roles, Functions and Responsibilities in Jos Metropolis. Journal of the Built & Human Environment Review
Williams, N. (2015). Mixed and complex mixed migration during armed conflict: Multidimensional empirical evidence from Nepal. International Journal of Sociology, 44.
Zetter R. and Purdekova A. (2011) Violent Conflict and Mobility-A Micro Analysis. Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UK.
Zetter, R. (2015). Protection in crisis: Forced migration and protection in a global era Washington DC: Migration Policy Institute (MPI).
Zimmermann, S. E. (2011). Danger, loss, and disruption in Somalia after 1991: Practicalities and needs behind refugee decision-making. Refugee Survey Quarterly, 30(2), 45- 66.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Sylvanus Usman SONGDEN, Alexander Akila LOHOR, Samuel Danjuma WAPWERA, Uyi EZEANAH, Adamu Isa HARIR
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
