Gender Based Violence, Sexual Harassment and the Media in Nigeria

Abstract

Gender-based violence (GBV) and sexual harassment remain pervasive violations of women’s rights in Nigeria, yet their representation in the media often shapes how society perceives, understands, and responds to these issues. This study examines how Nigerian media report on GBV and sexual harassment, stressing the extent to which such coverage reflects professionalism, reinforces stereotypes, or contributes to prevention and social change. Guided by feminist media theory, framing theory, and the cultivation theory, the study explores the patterns and implications of media portrayals. A qualitative research design was adopted, drawing on secondary sources such as newspaper reports, NGO publications, and scholarly analyses, and employing thematic analysis to interrogate recurring frames, narratives, and silences. The findings reveal that Nigerian media frequently sensationalize violence, prioritize physical abuse over structural and systemic dimensions, and under-represent survivor voices. However, evidence also suggests that media can act as a powerful tool for advocacy by amplifying marginalized perspectives, shaping public discourse, and holding institutions accountable. This study argues that gender-sensitive and socially responsible reporting is vital to promoting accountability, advancing gender justice, and supporting broader policy and advocacy efforts aimed at preventing GBV and sexual harassment in Nigeria.