REALISM AND INTERNATIONALISM IN COLLECTIVE SECURITY: THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS IN PREVENTING WAR.

Abstract

This study examines whether international organizations can guarantee peace and prevent war through the lenses of realism, internationalism, and collective security. While realism underscores the limitations of institutions in an anarchic system dominated by state interests, internationalism highlights the potential of cooperation and shared norms, and collective security emphasizes deterrence through unity. Case studies such as the League of Nations, the European Union, NATO interventions, and the Russia-Ukraine war illustrate both the successes and failures of international organizations in maintaining peace and order on the global stage. It also looks at the Venezuela and Donald Trump case study in contemporary international relations. The study builds on the collective Security theory as its theoretical framework. The study concluded that international organizations cannot guarantee peace, but they remain indispensable mechanisms for reducing conflict and fostering stability. The study recommended that Nations should strengthen their commitment to multilateral cooperation through established international organizations, such as the United Nations. It is needed for more diplomatic efforts and crisis management mechanisms within these organizations to facilitate collective security initiatives.